Litaba
- commensalism ke eng
- Mefuta ea Bokomonisi
- Mehlala ea Bokomonisi
- 1. Boipelaetso lipakeng tsa bakotuli le bohloa
- 2. Boipuso pakeng tsa mokholutsoane o moholo oa El Hierro le khofu e maoto a mosehla
- 3. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa lithaha le linaleli tse ntšo
- 4. Commensalism pakeng tsa lintsintsi le ham mites
- 5. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa linonyana le lifate
- 6. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa remora le shark
- 7. Boipuso pakeng tsa litau le mafiritšoane
Ka tlhaho, likamano tse 'maloa tsa likamano li etsahala lipakeng tsa lintho tse fapaneng ho fihlela sepheo. Symbiosis ke kopano ena ea nako e telele lipakeng tsa lintho tse peli, e ka bang molemo ho mahlakore ka bobeli kapa che, joalo ka nakong ea peo kapa parasitism. Hona le litšebelisano, esita le hore ha se bohle ba amehang ba tsebang hore ke karolo ea kamano. Hona ho joalo ka commensalism.
Sehloohong sena ke Setsebi sa liphoofolo Bokomonisi - Tlhaloso, mefuta le mehlala u tla utloisisa hantle hore na ke mefuta efe e teng le hore na e etsahala joang. Tsoela pele ho bala!
commensalism ke eng
Bokomonisi ba biology bo hlalosoa e le kamano lipakeng tsa lintho tse peli tsa mefuta e fapaneng, moo e 'ngoe ea tsona e rua molemo' me e 'ngoe ha e fumane letho, eseng e ntle kapa e mpe. Sephetho sa kamano ea e mong oa mahlakore ha se nke lehlakore.
Commensalism ke mofuta oa symbiosis eo, ho fapana le a mang, joalo ka parasitism kapa predation, e sa hlahiseng letho le lebe ho mekha efe kapa efe e amehang. Ka hlakoreng le leng, phapano lipakeng tsa ho sebelisana 'moho le bosebeletsi ke hore, maemong a pele, mahlakore ka bobeli a fumana melemo.
Commensalism ho microbiology le eona e ithutiloe ka bophara. Ka mohlala, karolong ea metsi, likokoana-hloko tse lulang haufi le bokaholimo hangata li rua molemo ho khanya ea letsatsi, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa molemong oa kholo ea tsona. Lits'ila tsa eona li haola le karolo ea metsi ho fihlela e fihla tlase, moo khanya ea letsatsi le oksijene li haellang. Mono, faele ea likokoana-hloko tsa anaerobic (e sa hlokeng oksijene ho phela) fetola lintho tse tsoang holimo hore e be mohloli oa limatlafatsi le matla.
Likokoana-hloko tse karolong e ka tlase li rua molemo ho likokoana-hloko tse holimo, ha tse qetellang li sa fumane letho. Kotara maiketsetso e ka totobatsoa mona. Ho fapana le boikhethelo, likamanong tsena motho e mong o holofetse ha e mong a lula a sa ameha. Ho joalo ka li-fungus tse ling, joalo ka penicillium, e ntšang lithibela-mafu, e thibela ho ata ha libaktheria.
Mefuta ea Bokomonisi
Ha re ithuta ka likamano tse thehiloeng lipakeng tsa lintho tse phelang, mefuta-futa e meholo e teng e re qobella ho arola commensalism ka mefuta e meraro e fapaneng, hobane ha ho na tsela e le 'ngoe eo liphoofolo li ruang molemo ka eona ka ho sebelisana:
- Foresis: lentsoe phoresis le bolela kamano e thehiloeng lipakeng tsa mefuta e 'meli ha e' ngoe ea tsona e tsamaisa e 'ngoe. Maemong a mangata, mopalami ha a tsebe le hore o nkile ntho e 'ngoe e phelang.
- BoluloBoits'oaro bo etsahala ha mofuta o mong o lula 'meleng oa e mong hore o phele, ntle le ho o bakela bothata.
- Metabiosis: Mofuta ona oa bompoli o atile haholo liphoofolong. E etsahala ha mofuta o mong o fepa litšila tsa o mong, joalo ka mantle a oona kapa 'mele oa oona o senyehang, kapa joalo ka likokoana-hloko tsa anaerobic tseo re buileng ka tsona pejana.
Mehlala ea Bokomonisi
Ho na le likamano tse ngata tsa boikhethelo liphoofolong. Tse ngata tsa tsona li etsahala lipakeng tsa litho tsa 'muso ona le lintho tse tsoang' musong oa limela. Sheba mehlala e meng ea boikhethelo:
1. Boipelaetso lipakeng tsa bakotuli le bohloa
Libakeng tse ling tsa Argentina, moo kamano ena e fumanoeng teng, boemo ba leholimo bo omme haholo 'me bo etsa hore boteng ba bakotuli, liphoofolo tsa sechaba tseo e leng tsa tatellano ea li-arachnids. Li-anthill li fana ka boemo ba leholimo ba leholimo bo mongobo bo fetang ba bakotuli. Ba phela ka har'a bohloa ntle le ho baka molemo kapa kotsi ho bohloa.
2. Boipuso pakeng tsa mokholutsoane o moholo oa El Hierro le khofu e maoto a mosehla
Litsuonyana tse sa fofeng tsa mofuta ona oa leoatleng (larus michahellis) khutlisetsa tse ling tsa lijo tsa bona ha ba ikutloa ba khotše haholo kapa ba ferekanngoa ke likhofu tse ling tsa batho ba baholo. Kahoo, mokholutsoane o moholo (Gallotia simonyi) melemo ea ho fepa likokonyana tse ntlafalitsoeng ke nonyana ea leoatleng e nyane.
3. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa lithaha le linaleli tse ntšo
Linaleli (sturnus ea 'mala o le mong), e teng León, ka leboea-bophirima ho Spain, li ja li-blackberry hlabula. Ha li ja, li lahlela peo fatše kapa makhasi a sefate sa 'mamora. Lithaha (fringilla coelebs), liphoofolo tse bobebe, batla lipakeng tsa makhasi le mobu bakeng sa peo e lahliloeng ke linaleli, esita le ho li tlosa ka ho toba mantle a linaleli.
4. Commensalism pakeng tsa lintsintsi le ham mites
Ona ke mohlala o makatsang oa phoresis. Ka likamoreng tsa ho omisa tsa tlhahiso ea ham, mathata ka linako tse ling a hlaha ka likokoanyana, tse lomang ham le ho e etsa hore e se lokele ho rekisoa. Ha li-hams li fanyehiloe siling, tlhaselo ea likokoanyana e bonahala e le thata. Hoa hlaha hore liphoofolo tsena palama lintsintsi ba etelang hams. Ha li fihla ham, likokoanyana li tlohela ntsintsi. Dintsintsi ha di rue letho, ebile ha di hlokomele hore di jere mites.
5. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa linonyana le lifate
linonyana tse sehlaha lifateng, ba fumana tšireletso ho eona le sebaka sa ho aha sehlaha sa bona. Lifate ha li fumane letho, leha e le tse ntle kapa tse mpe.
6. Boipheliso lipakeng tsa remora le shark
Ona ke o mong oa mehlala e tloahelehileng ka ho fetesisa ea puso. Ka har'a eona, remora, e leng mofuta oa tlhapi, e itšoarella ka 'mele oa shaka e le hore e sebelise mesaletsa ea lijo tsa eona le hore e tsamaisoe. Ka tsela ena, ha ho kotsi e etsoang shaka.
7. Boipuso pakeng tsa litau le mafiritšoane
Ho hlokomela mofuta ona oa boiketlo ho ile ha nolofalloa le ho feta ke baesekopo The Lion King.Ho etsahalang ke hore mafiritšoane a nka monyetla ka masalla a ho tsoma litau. Ba emetse mme, ha litau li qeta ho fepa, ke nako ea hore le bona ba jang liphoofolo tsa tlhaho, ntle le ho baka tšenyo ho sena. kamano.
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