Litaba
- Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea matata?
- 1. Letata la lapeng (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)
- 2. Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
- 3. Teicinho Teal (Anas bahamensis)
- 4. Tee ea Carijó (Anas cyanoptera)
- 5. Letata la Semandarine (Aix galericulata)
- 6. Tee ea Lefu (Anas sibilatrix)
- 7. Letata la naheng (Cairina moschata)
- 8. Tee e 'mala o moputsoa (Oxyura australis)
- 9. Letata la molapo o phoroselang (Merganetta armata)
- 10. Irerê (Dendrocygna viduata)
- 11. Letata la Harlequin (Histrionicus histrionicus)
- 12. Letata le Freckled (Stictonetta naevosa)
- mefuta e meng ea matata
Lentsoe "letata" le tloaetse ho sebelisoa ho supa mefuta e mengata ea linonyana tsa lelapa Anatidae. Har'a mefuta eohle ea matata a tsejoang hajoale, ho na le phapang e kholo ea morphological, kaha mofuta o mong le o mong oa mefuta ena o na le litšobotsi tsa ona ho latela chebahalo, boits'oaro, litloaelo le tikoloho. Leha ho le joalo, ho a khonahala ho fumana litšobotsi tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa linonyana tsena, joalo ka morpholoji ea tsona e ipapisitseng hantle le bophelo ba metsing, e ba etsang hore ba sesa ba hloahloa, le mantsoe a bona, a atisang ho fetoleloa ke onomatopoeia "quack".
Sehloohong sena ke PeritoAnimal, re tla hlahisa Mefuta e 12 ea matata ba ahileng likarolong tse fapaneng tsa lefats'e mme re tla senola tse ling tsa litšobotsi tsa bona tsa mantlha. Hape, re u bontšitse lenane le nang le mefuta e mengata ea matata, ha re qaleng?
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea matata?
Hajoale, ho tsejoa mefuta e ka bang 30 ea matata, e arotsoeng ka malapeng a fapaneng a 6: Boitumelo (matata a letsang mololi), Merginae, Oxyurinae (matata a qoelang), Sticktontinae leMosali (ho nkuoa lelapa le lenyane "par excellence" ebile le le leholo ka ho fetisisa). Mofuta o mong le o mong o ka ba le li-subspecies tse peli kapa ho feta.
Mefuta ena eohle ea matata ka kakaretso e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli tse pharalletseng: Matata a lapeng le matata a hlaha. Ka tloaelo, mofuta Anas platyrhynchos malapeng e bitsoa "letata la lapeng", e leng e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea matata e ntlafalitsoeng hantle bakeng sa ho ikatisa botlamuoeng le ho phela le batho. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mefuta e meng hape e fetileng ts'ebetsong ea ho rua malapeng, joalo ka letata la musk, e leng lihlapiso tsa malapeng tsa letata le hlaha (Cairina Moschata).
Likarolong tse latelang, re tla hlahisa mefuta e latelang ea matata a hlaha le a malapeng ka litšoantšo hore o li khetholle habonolo:
- Letata la ntlo (Anas platyrhynchos malapeng)
- Mallard (Anas nthabeleng)
- Tee ea Toicinho (Anas Bahamensis)
- Carijó marreca (Anas cyanoptera)
- Letata la Semandarine (Aix galericulata)
- Ovalet (Anas sibilatrix)
- letata le hlahaCairina Moschata)
- Tee e nang le buluu (Oxyura australis)
- Letata la melapo e phoroselang (merganetta armata)
- Irerê (Dendrocygna viduata)
- Letata la Harlequin (histrionicus histrionicus)
- Letata la Freckled (Naevosa stictonetta)
1. Letata la lapeng (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)
Joalokaha re boletse, subspecies Anas platyrhynchos malapeng e tsebahala ka hore ke letata la lapeng kapa letata le tloaelehileng. E simolohile ho mallard (Anas nthabeleng) ka ts'ebetso e telele ea ho ikatisa ho khethiloeng e lumellang ho theoa ha mefuta e fapaneng.
Qalong, popo ea eona e ne e etselitsoe nama ea eona hampe, eo esale e le bohlokoa haholo 'marakeng oa machabeng. Ho holisa matata joaloka liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ho sa tsoa etsahala, 'me kajeno Beijing e tšoeu ke e' ngoe ea mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea matata a lapeng e le phoofolo ea lapeng, joalo ka bell-khaki. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, mefuta ea matata a polasing le eona ke karolo ea sehlopha sena.
Likarolong tse latelang, re tla sheba mehlala e meng ea matata a hlaha, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nang le litšobotsi tse ikhethang le bohelehele.
2. Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
mabenkele, tsejoang hape e le teal hlaha, ke mofuta oo letata le ruuoang le tsoang ho lona. Ke nonyana e fallang e abuoang haholo, e lulang libakeng tse futhumetseng tsa Leboea la Afrika, Asia, Europe le Amerika Leboea, e fallelang Caribbean le Amerika Bohareng. E boetse e hlahisitsoe Australia le New Zealand.
3. Teicinho Teal (Anas bahamensis)
Teicinho teal, e tsejoang hape e le paturi, ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea matata e tsoaletsoeng kontinenteng ea amerika, e hlahelletseng ponong ea pele ka hore e silafalitsoe ke mokokotlo le mpa ka litšepe tse ngata tse ntšo. Ho fapana le mefuta e mengata ea matata, li-teal tsa buckthorn li fumanoa haholo pela matangoana a metsi a letsoai le mokhoabong, leha li ka ikamahanya le 'mele ea metsi a hloekileng.
Hajoale, baa tsebana Li-subspecies tse 3 tsa teal ea buckthorn:
- Anas bahamensis bahamensis: e lula Caribbean, haholo-holo Antilles le Bahamas.
- Anas bahamensis galapagensis: e atile lihlekehlekeng tsa Galapagos.
- Anas bahamensis rubirostris: ke li-subspecies tse kholo ka ho fetisisa hape ke eona feela e fallang ka karolo e 'ngoe, e ahileng Amerika Boroa, haholo lipakeng tsa Argentina le Uruguay.
4. Tee ea Carijó (Anas cyanoptera)
Tee ea carijó ke mofuta oa letata le tsoang Amerika le tsejoang hape e le letata la sinamone, empa lebitso lena hangata le lebisa pherekanong le mofuta o mong o bitsoang netta rufina, e tsoaletsoeng Eurasia le Afrika Leboea mme e na le ts'oaetso e kholo ea thobalano. Marreca-carijó e ajoa kontinenteng eohle ea Amerika, ho tloha Canada ho ea boroa Argentina, profinseng ea Tierra del Fuego, hape e teng Lihlekehlekeng tsa Malvinas.
Hajoale, lia tsejoa Li-subspecies tse 5 tsa marreca-carijó:
- Carijó-borrero marreca (Spatula cyanoptera borreroi): ke subspecies tse nyane haholo mme di phela feela dithabeng tsa Colombia. Baahi ba eona ba fokotsehile haholo lekholong lena le fetileng la lilemo, 'me hajoale ho ntse ho phenyekolloa hore na e ka fela.
- Carijó-Argentina (Spatula cyanoptera cyanoptera): ke li-subspecies tse kholo ka ho fetisisa, tse ahileng Peru le Bolivia ho ea boroa ho Argentina le Chile.
- Carijó-Andes (Spatula cyanoptera orinomus): Ena ke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea Lithaba tsa Andes, tse lulang haholo Bolivia le Peru.
- Marreca-carijó-etsa-nlihele (Spatula cyanoptera septentrionalium): ke tsona feela subspecies tse lulang Amerika Leboea feela, haholo-holo United States.
- Carijó-tropike (Spatula cyanoptera tropica): e fihla libakeng tsohle tsa tropike tsa Amerika.
5. Letata la Semandarine (Aix galericulata)
Letata la mandarin ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea matata ka lebaka la mebala e metle e khanyang e khabisang masiba a eona, kaha e tsoaletsoe Asia, haholo-holo Chaena le Japane. dimorphism e tsotehang ea thobalano mme ke tse tona feela tse bontshang masiba a mebala e metle, a phatsimang le ho feta nakong tsa ho ikatisa ho hohela tse tšehali.
Thahasello e khahlisang ke hore, moetlong oa setso sa Asia Bochabela, letata la Semandarine le ne le nkuoa e le letšoao la lerato la lehlohonolo le lenyalo. Chaena, e ne e le moetlo ho fa matata le monyaluoa liparata tsa mandarin nakong ea lechato, tse emelang bonngoe ba lenyalo.
6. Tee ea Lefu (Anas sibilatrix)
Tee ea popelo, eo hangata e bitsoang mallard, e lula bohareng le boroa Amerika Boroa, haholo-holo Argentina le Chile, hape e teng Lihlekehlekeng tsa Malvinas. Ha a ntse a boloka mekhoa ea ho falla, o etela selemo se seng le se seng ho ea Brazil, Uruguay le Paraguay ha mocheso o tlase o qala ho utluoa Khubung e ka Boroa ea kontinenteng ea Amerika. Le ha li iphepa ka limela tsa metsing 'me li khetha ho lula haufi le' mele o tebileng oa metsi, matata a octopus ha a sesa hantle haholo, a bonts'a tsebo e ngata haholo mabapi le ho fofa.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ho tloaelehile ho bitsa letata la hlaha, ke ka hona ho tloaelehileng hore batho ba bangata ba nahane ka mofuta ona oa letata ha ba utloa lentsoe "mall duck". 'Nete ke hore ka bobeli ba nkuoa e le matata a mallard, leha a na le litšobotsi tse fapaneng.
7. Letata la naheng (Cairina moschata)
Matata a hlaha, a tsejoang hape e le matata a creole kapa matata a hlaha, ke mofuta o mong oa matata a tsoaletsoeng kontinenteng ea Amerika, a lulang haholo libakeng tse chesang le tse mongobo, ho tloha Mexico ho ea Argentina le Uruguay. Ka kakaretso, li khetha ho lula libakeng tse nang le limela tse ngata le haufi le metsi a mangata a hloekileng, li ikamahanya le bophahamo ba limithara tse 1000 kaholimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle.
Hajoale, lia tsebahala Li-subspecies tse 2 tsa matata a hlaha, e 'ngoe e hlaha ebile e' ngoe ke ea lapeng, ha re boneng:
- Cairina moschata sylvestris: ke mofuta o monyane oa letata le hlaha, o bitsoang mallard Amerika Boroa.
- moschata oa malapeng: ke mofuta oa liphoofolo tse ruuoang o tsejoang ka hore ke musk, letata le semumu kapa letata la creole. E thehiloe ho tsoa mefuteng e khethiloeng ea mefuta ea matsoalloa a mehleng ea pele ho Columbian. Masiba a eona a ka fapana ka mebala, empa ha e benya joalo ka matata a hlaha. Hape hoa khoneha ho bona matheba a masoeu molaleng, mpeng le sefahlehong.
8. Tee e 'mala o moputsoa (Oxyura australis)
Tee e nang le litefiso tse putsoa ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e menyenyane ea letata tse fapaneng e tsoang Oceania, eo hajoale e ahileng Australia le Tasmania. Batho ba baholo ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 30 ho isa ho tse 35 mme hangata ba lula matšeng a metsi a hloekileng ebile ba ka lula sehlahleng. Lijo tsa tsona li thehiloe haholo ts'ebelisong ea limela tsa metsing le likokoanyana tse nyane tse fanang ka liprotheine bakeng sa lijo tsa tsona, joalo ka li-molluscs, crustaceans le likokoanyana.
Ntle le boholo ba eona bo bonyenyane ha bo bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea matata, e boetse e hlahelletse ka molomo oa eona o moputsoa, o bonahalang haholo mapheong a lefifi.
9. Letata la molapo o phoroselang (Merganetta armata)
Letata la molapo o phoroselang ke o mong oa mefuta ea matata litšobotsi tsa libaka tse lithaba ea bophahamo bo phahameng Amerika Boroa, e le Andes sebaka sa eona sa mantlha sa tlhaho. Baahi ba eona ba ajoa ho tloha Venezuela ho ea ka boroa-bochabela ho Argentina le Chile, profinseng ea Tierra del Fuego, ho ikamahanya hantle le bophahamo ba limithara tse ka bang 4 500 le khetho e hlakileng bakeng sa matšoele a metsi a hloekileng le a batang, joalo ka matša le linoka tsa Andean , moo li jang haholo litlhapi tse nyane le crustaceans.
E le ntlha e tsebahalang, re totobatsa file ea thobalano ea thobalano hore mofuta ona oa letata o fana ka, le tse tona tse nang le masiba a masoeu a nang le matheba a sootho le mela e metšo hloohong, le tse tšehali tse nang le masiba a mafubelu le mapheo a bohlooho le hlooho. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le phapang e nyane lipakeng tsa matata a linoka tse tsoang linaheng tse fapaneng Amerika Boroa, haholoholo lipakeng tsa mehlala ea banna, tse ling li lefifi ho feta tse ling. Setšoantšong se ka tlase u ka bona mosali.
10. Irerê (Dendrocygna viduata)
Irerê ke o mong oa mefuta e khahlang ka ho fetisisa ea matata a letsang mololi, eseng feela bakeng sa letheba le lesoeu sefahlehong sa hae, empa hape le ho ba le maoto a batlang a le malelele. Ke nonyana e lutseng, e tsoaletsoeng Afrika le Amerika, e sebetsang haholo ka shoalane, e fofa lihora tse ngata bosiu.
Kontinenteng ea Amerika re fumana baahi ba bangata ka ho fetesisa ba pharalletseng Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela le Guianas, ho tloha akhaonteng ea Amazon e Peru le Brazil ho ea bohareng ba Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina le Uruguay. li tsepamisitsoe sebakeng sa bophirima sa kontinenteng le tikolohong ea tropike e ka boroa ho lehoatata la Sahara.Qetellong, batho ba bang ba ka fumanoa ba lahlehile mabopong a Spain, haholo lihlekehlekeng tsa Canary.
11. Letata la Harlequin (Histrionicus histrionicus)
Letata la Harlequin ke mofuta o mong o khahlang ka ho fetesisa oa matata ka lebaka la ponahalo ea ona e ikhethang, e le ona feela mofuta o hlalosoang kahara mofuta oa ona (Histrionicus). 'Mele oa eona o chitja' me tšobotsi ea eona e khahlang ka ho fetisisa ke masiba a eona a phatsimang le lipaterone tse arohaneng, tse sa sebetseng ho hohela tse tšehali feela, empa hape le ho ipata metsing a batang, a makukuno a linoka le matša le melatsoana moo ba atisang ho lula teng.
Kabo ea eona ea libaka e kenyelletsa karolo e ka leboea ea Amerika Leboea, Greenland boroa, Russia bochabela le Iceland. Hajoale, Li-subspecies tse 2 lia ananeloa: histrionicus histrionicus histrionicus le Histrionicus histrionicus pacificus.
12. Letata le Freckled (Stictonetta naevosa)
Letata le makukuno ke lona feela mofuta o hlalosoang ka lapeng. stictonetinae 'me e simolohile Australia Boroa, moo e sirelelitsoe ke molao hobane baahi ba eona ba ntse ba fokotseha haholo-holo ka lebaka la liphetoho tikolohong ea bona, joalo ka ts'ilafalo ea metsi le tsoelo-pele ea temo.
'Meleng, e hlahella e le mofuta oa letata le leholo, le hlooho e mahlahahlaha e nang le moqhaka o motsu le masiba a lefifi a nang le matheba a manyane a masoeu, e leng se fanang ka ponahalo ea maqhutsu. Bokhoni ba hae ba ho fofa le bona boa hlolla, leha a le bohlasoa hanyane ha a lula.
mefuta e meng ea matata
Re batla ho bua ka mefuta e meng ea matata eo, leha a sa hlahisoe sengoloeng sena, le eona ea khahla ebile e tšoaneloa ke ho ithutoa ka botlalo ho utloisisa botle ba mefuta-futa ea matata. Ka tlase re bua ka mefuta e meng ea matata e lulang polaneteng ea rona, e meng e le e menyane kapa e nyane ha e meng e le meholo:
- Letata le maputsoa (Anas ha a lumellane)
- Tee e soothoMOKHATLO OA MOTSOALLE)
- Letata le nang le mapheo a koporo (Anas specularis)
- Letata la Crested (Li-specularoides tsa Anas)
- Letata la patsi (Aix sponsa)
- Tee e khubelu (Amazonetta brasiliensis)
- Merganser ea Brazil (Merguso ctosetaceus)
- Collared Cheetah (Callonettaleu Cophrys)
- Letata le nang le mapheo a masoeu (Asarcornis scutulata)
- Letata la Australia (Chenonetta jubata)
- Letata le lesoeu (Pteronetta hartlaubii)
- Letata la Eider la Steller (Polysticta stelleri)
- Letata la Labrador (Camptorhynchus labradorius)
- Letata le letšo (nigra melanitta)
- Letata le nang le mohatla (Clangula hyemalis)
- Letata la Mahlo a Gauta (Clancula bucephala)
- Merganser e nyane (Mergellus albellus)
- Capuchin Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus)
- Letata la mohatla o mosoeu oa Amerika (Oxyura jamaicensis)
- Letata le mosweu (Oxyura leucocephala)
- Letata la mohatla o mosoeu oa Afrika (Oxyura macacoa)
- Leoto-in-the-Ass Teal (Oxyura vitata)
- Letata la Crested (Sarkidiornis melanotes)
Haeba u batla ho bala lingoliloeng tse ling tse tšoanang le Mefuta ea matata, Re khothaletsa hore o kenye karolo ea rona ea Curiosities ea lefatše la liphoofolo.