Litaba
- Litšobotsi tsa Parrot
- Tlhophiso ea lekhetho la lipapakhaie
- Lelapa le leholo la Strigopidea
- Lelapa le leholo la Cacatuidae
- Lelapa le leholo la Psittacoid
- Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse nyane
- Parrot ea Pygmy (Micropsitta pusio)
- Tuim e nang le mapheo a maputsoa (Forpus xanthopterygius)
- Parakeet ea Australia (Melopsittacus undulatus)
- Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse mahareng
- Nonyana ea Argentina (myiopsitta monachus)
- Filipino Cockatoo (Cockatoo haematuropygia)
- Lory e kopantsoeng bosehla (Lorius chlorocercus)
- Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse kholo
- Hyacinth Macaw kapa Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
- Araracanga (macao)
- Macaw e tala (ara la sesole)
- Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse buang
- Congo kapa Grey Parrot (MONGOLI OA TSOANG PELE: Psittacus erithacus)
- Parrot e ka pele e putsoa kapa parrot ea 'nete (aestiva Amazon)
- Parlet ea Ecletus (Eclectus roratus)
Mekotatsie ke linonyana tse ke tsa taelo ea Psittaciformes, e bopilwe ka mefuta e abjwang hohle lefatsheng, haholoholo dibakeng tse chesang tse mongobo le tse futhumetseng tsa Amerika Borwa, Afrika, Australia le New Zealand, moo ho nang le mefuta-futa e mengata. Li emetse sehlopha se nang le litšobotsi tse ba khethollang hantle ho tse ling tsa linonyana, joalo ka molomo oa bona o matla, o matla le o kobehileng o ba lumellang ho iphepa ka litholoana le lipeo tse fapaneng, hammoho le maoto a bona a prehensile le zygodactile. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li na le masiba a nang le meralo e fapaneng, ntle le ho ba le boholo bo fapaneng. Ke tse ling tsa liphoofolo tse bohlale haholo 'me li khona ho hlahisa lentsoe la motho, tšobotsi e' ngoe e li etsang linonyana tse ikhethang.
Tsoela pele ho bala sengoloa sena sa PeritoAnimal mme re tla bua ka sona mefuta ea lipapakhaie, litšobotsi le mabitso a bona.
Litšobotsi tsa Parrot
Linonyana tsena li theha odara ka mefuta e fetang 370 e lulang libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo le tse mongobo tsa lefatše 'me e arotsoe ka malapa a mararo (Strigopidea, Psittacoidea le Cacatuoidea) a fapaneng ka litšobotsi tse kang boholo,' mala oa masiba le kabo ea libaka. Li na le litšobotsi tse fapaneng tse fapaneng, joalo ka ha re tla bona ka tlase:
- marapo: Ba na le maoto a zygodactile, ke hore, ka menoana e 'meli ho ea pele le e' meli ea morao hape e leng prehensile mme ba u lumella ho tsamaisa lijo tsa bona. Li khutšoanyane empa li matla 'me ka tsona li ka tšoara makala a lifate ka tieo.
- lipompo: Melomo ya tsona e matla, e metenya mme e qetella ka hoko e tsebahaditsweng, e leng semelo se ba khethollang ho tse ding tsa dinonyana, mmoho le leleme la bona la mesifa le sebetsang joalo ka seponche ha le fepa peo e phofo, mohlala, kapa joaloka monoana ha ba batla ho ntšha karolo ea makhapetla sefateng. Ba qoqa moo ba bolokang lijo teng ebe ba khutlisetsa malinyane kapa balekane ba tsona.
- lijo: e fapane haholo mme ka kakaretso e na le litholoana le lipeo, leha mefuta e meng e ka tlatselletsa lijo tsa tsona ka peo e phofo le lero mme tse ling le tsona li ja setopo le likokoana-hloko tse nyane.
- Bolulo: Ho tloha mahoatateng a mabopong, merung e ommeng le merung e mongobo ho isa libakeng tse anthropize, joalo ka masimo le lijalo. Hona le mefuta e akaretsang haholo e ikamahanyang habonolo le liphetoho tikolohong ea bona le tse ling tse nang le litsebi tse hlokang libaka tse ikhethang ho nts'etsapele ka katleho, semelo se ba etsang hore ba be tlokotsing ebile mefuta e mengata e sokeloa.
- Boitšoaro: mefuta e fapaneng ea lipapakhaie ke linonyana tse ratang botsoalle, ke hore ke tsa sechaba 'me li theha lihlopha tse kholo haholo, mefuta e meng e bile e theha lihlopha tsa batho ba likete. Mefuta e mengata e theha banyalani bophelo bohle, ka hona ke ba molekane a le mong 'me ba haha lihlaha ka har'a lifate kapa litutulu tse sa laoloeng ke bohloa, ntle le New Zealand Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), e leng eona feela parrot e sa fofeng 'me e haha lihlaha fatše, le Monk Parakeet ea Argentina (mamellomonachus) tse etsang lihlaha tse kholo, tse kopanetsoeng tse sebelisang makala. Li tsebahala ka ho ba se seng sa lihlopha tsa linonyana tse bohlale ka ho fetisisa le bokhoni ba tsona ba ho ithuta mantsoe le lipoleloana tse hlakileng.
Tlhophiso ea lekhetho la lipapakhaie
Taelo ea Psittaciformes e arotsoe ka likarolo tse tharo tse kholo tseo le tsona li nang le lihlopha tsa tsona. Kahoo, mefuta ea mantlha ea lipapakhaie e arotsoe ka malapa a latelang:
- Strigopidea: e kenyelletsa lipapakhaee tsa New Zealand.
- Cockatoo: e kenyelletsa li-cockatoos.
- sebopelo: e kenyelletsa lipapakhaee tse tsebahalang haholo le tse ling.
Lelapa le leholo la Strigopidea
Hajoale, ho na le mefuta e mene feela ea lelapa lena le leholohali: kakapo (Strigops haroptitus, kea (Nestor notabilis), kaka ho tloha Sehlekehlekeng sa Boroa (Nestor meridionalis meridionalis) le kaka ea Sehlekehleke sa Leboea (Nestor meridionalis spetentrionalis).
Lelapa le leholo la Strigopidea e arotsoe ka malapa a mabeli, e kenyeletsang mefuta ea lipapakhaee e boletsoeng:
- Strigopidae: le mofuta oa Strigops.
- Nestoridae: le mofuta oa Nestor.
Lelapa le leholo la Cacatuidae
Joalokaha re boletse, lelapa lena le entsoe ka li-cockatoos, ka hona e kenyelletsa feela Lelapa la Cockatoo, e nang le malapa a mararo:
- Nymphicinae: le mofuta oa Nymphicus.
- Calyptorhynchinae: le mofuta oa Calyptorhynchus.
- Cacatuinae: le genera Probosciger, Eolophus, Lophochroa, Callocephalon le Cacatua.
Re fumane mefuta e kang white cockatoo (cockatoo e tšoeu), mokhabiso (Nymphicus hollandicuskapa cockatoo e ntšo e mohatla o mofubelu (Calyptorhynchus banksii).
Lelapa le leholo la Psittacoid
Ke eona e pharalletseng ho feta tsohle, kaha e kenyelletsa mefuta e fetang 360 ea lipapakhaie. E arotsoe ka malapa a mararo, le leng le le leng le na le malapa a lona a fapaneng le genera:
- psittacidae: e kenyelletsa malapa sebetsa (le genera Psittacus le Poicephalus) le arinae (e nang le genera ena) , Deroptyus, Hapalopsittaca, Touit, Brotogeris, Bolborhynchus, Myiopsitta, Psilopsiagon le Nannopsittaca).
- psittrichasidae: e kenyelletsa malapa khompho (le mofuta oa Psittrichas) le Coracopseinae (le mofuta oa Coracopsis).
- psittaculidae: e kenyelletsa malapa Platycercine (le sehlopha sa Barnardius, Platycercus, Psephotus, Purpureicephalus, Northiella, Lathamus, Prosopeia, Eunymphicus, Cyanoramphus, Pezoporus, Neopsephotus le Neophema), Tlotlisang (le mofuta oa Psittacella), Loriinae (le genera Oreopsittacus, Charmosyna, Vini, Phigys, Neopsittacus, Glossopsitta, Lorius, Psitteuteles, Pseudeos, Eos, Chalcopsitta, Trichoglossus, Melopsittacus, Psittaculirostris le Cyclopsitta), Agapornithinae (ka genera Bolbopsittacus, Loriculus le Agapornis) le sebetsa (le genera Alisterus, Aprosmictus, Polytelis, Eclectus, Geoffroyus, Tanygnathus, Psittinus, Psittacula, Prioniturus le Micropsitta).
Lelapeng lena re fumana lipapakhaie tse tloaelehileng, ka hona ho na le mefuta e joalo ka Bourke parakeet (Neopsephotus bourkii), lifahleho tse sa arohaneng tsa bohlooho-putsoa (canus ea linonyana tsa leratokapa lorikeet ea 'metso o mofubelu (Charmosyna amabilis).
Mefuta ea lipapakhaee e ka hlophisoa ka boholo, joalo ka ha re tla bona likarolong tse latelang.
Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse nyane
Hona le mefuta e mengata ea lipapakhaie tse nyane, ka hona ka tlase ke khetho ea mefuta e emelang kapa e tsebahalang haholo.
Parrot ea Pygmy (Micropsitta pusio)
Mofuta ona ke oa lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittaculidae le lelapa le lenyenyane la Psittaculinae). Bolelele ba 8 ho isa ho 11 cm, ke mofuta o monyane ka ho fetisisa oa parrot o teng. Ke mofuta o sa rutoang haholo, empa ke oa Native New Guinea, o lulang libakeng tsa meru e mongobo mme o theha lihlopha tse nyane tsa batho ba ka bang tšeletseng.
Tuim e nang le mapheo a maputsoa (Forpus xanthopterygius)
E tsejoa hape e le parakeet e nang le mapheo a maputsoa, mofuta ona o fumanoa ka har'a lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae le lelapa le lenyenyane la Arinae). 13 cm e telele, e tsoaletsoe Amerika Boroa 'me e lula libakeng tsa tlhaho tse buletsoeng lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tsa toropo. E fana ka dimorphism ea thobalano (semelo se sa tloaelehang ka tatellano ea Psittaciformes), moo e tona e nang le masiba a sefofane a maputsoa 'me e tšehali e le tala ka botlalo. Ho tloaelehile haholo ho ba bona ka bobeli.
Parakeet ea Australia (Melopsittacus undulatus)
Tsejoa e le parakeet ea Australia, e fumaneha kahare ho lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittaculidae, lelapeng le lenyenyane la Loriinae), ke mofuta oa matsoalloa a Australia hape o atile moo, leha e se e hlahisitsoe linaheng tse ling tse ngata. Mehato mabapi le Bolelele ba 18 cm mme e lula libakeng tse ommeng kapa tse ommeng haholo ho ea merung kapa lihlahleng. Mofuteng ona ho na le phapang ea thobalano mme e tšehali e ka khetholloa ho e tona ka boka ba molomo (nama eo linonyana tse ling li nang le eona botlaaseng ba molomo), kaha tse tšehali li sootho ka 'mala, ha e tona e le putsoa ka' mala.
Parakeet ea Australia ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea lipapakhaie tsa lapeng ka lebaka la boholo ba eona, semelo le botle ba eona. Leha ho le joalo, ho tlameha ho hatisoa hore linonyana tsohle tse lulang botlamuoeng li tlameha ho natefeloa ke nako ea ho fofa, ka hona, ha ho khothaletsoe ho li koalla makareng lihora tse 24 ka letsatsi.
Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse mahareng
Har'a mefuta e fetang 370 ea lipapakhaie, re boetse re fumana mefuta ea boholo bo mahareng. Tse ling tsa tse tsebahalang ke:
Nonyana ea Argentina (myiopsitta monachus)
Mefuta ea parrot ea boholo bo mahareng, e lekanyang ka Bolelele ba 30 cm. Ke ea lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae le lelapa le lenyenyane Arinae). E lula Amerika Boroa, ho tloha Bolivia ho ea Argentina, leha ho le joalo, e ile ea hlahisoa linaheng tse ling tsa Amerika le lik'honthinenteng tse ling, e entseng hore e fetohe likokoanyana, kaha e na le potoloho e khuts'oane haholo ea ho ikatisa ebile e behela mahe a mangata. Ntle le moo, ke mofuta o ratang haholo o nang le lihlaha tsa sechaba tse arolelanoeng ke banyalani ba 'maloa.
Filipino Cockatoo (Cockatoo haematuropygia)
Nonyana ena e atile Philippines ebile e lula libakeng tse tlaase tsa mangrove. E fumaneha ka har'a lelapa le leholo la Cacatuoidea (lelapa la Cacatuidae le lelapa le lenyane la Cacatuinae). E fihla hoo e ka bang Bolelele ba 35 cm 'me masiba a eona a masoeu a hlakile sebakeng se pinki seo a se hlahisang tlas'a masiba a mohatla le bakeng sa masiba a mosehla kapa a pinki hloohong. Mofuta ona o kotsing ea ho timela ka lebaka la ho tsoma ka molao.
Kopana le liphoofolo ka kotsi e kholo ea ho timela Brazil sengoloeng sena se seng.
Lory e kopantsoeng bosehla (Lorius chlorocercus)
Mofuta o mong o kenyellelitsoeng lelapeng le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittaculidae, lelapeng le lenyenyane la Loriinae). Lory-collared lory ke mofuta o tsoang lihlekehlekeng tsa Solomon tse lulang merung e mongobo le libakeng tse lithabeng. Mphe e bolelele ba pakeng tsa 28 le 30 cm 'me e na le masiba a mebala-bala a hlahelletseng bakeng sa ho bonts'a bofubelu, o motala le o mosehla, le ho ba le hlooho e ntšo e khethollang hloohong. Ke mofuta o sa ithutoang haholo, empa ho nahanoa hore biology ea ona e ts'oana le tse ling kaofela tsa Psittaciformes.
Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse kholo
Re koetse mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse hlophiloeng ka boholo ka kholo ka ho fetisisa. Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ke ena:
Hyacinth Macaw kapa Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
Ke ea lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae, lelapa le lenyenyane Arinae), e tsoaletsoe Brazil, Bolivia le Paraguay, 'me ke mofuta oa parrot e kholo e lulang merung le merung. E ka fumana ho lekanya bolelele bo fetang mithara, e leng mofuta o moholohali oa macaw. Ke mofuta o makatsang haholo eseng feela ka boholo ba eona le mohatla oa eona o nang le masiba a malelele haholo, empa le bakeng sa 'mala oa eona o moputsoa o nang le lintlha tse tšehla tse potileng mahlo le molomo. E khethiloe e le "Tlokotsing" ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea sebaka sa eona sa bolulo le khoebo e seng molaong, ntle le ho ba mofuta oo potoloho ea ona ea tlhaho e telele haholo, kaha e fihla lilemong tsa ho ba le bana ka lilemo tse 7.
Bobeli ka lebaka la botle ba eona le bohlale ba eona, hyacinth macaw ke o mong oa mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea lipapakhaee tsa malapeng. Leha ho le joalo, re tlameha ho hopola hore ona ke mofuta o tlokotsing, ka hona o lokela ho phela ka tokoloho.
Araracanga (macao)
Mofuta oa lelapa le leholohali la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae, Arinae) bolelele bo fetang 90 cm ho kenyelletsa le mohatla oa eona, o nang le masiba a malelele, ho e etsa e 'ngoe ea lipapakhaie tse kholo ho feta tsohle tse teng. E lula merung ea tropike, merung, lithabeng le libakeng tse mabalane ho tloha Mexico ho ea Brazil. Ho tloaelehile haholo ho bona mehlape ea batho ba fetang 30 ba hlahelletseng bakeng sa masiba a bona a mafubelu ka mapheo a boputsoa le a mosehla.
Macaw e tala (ara la sesole)
Ena ke macaw e nyane hanyane ho feta tse ling, hape e kenyelelitsoe ho superfamily Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae, lelapa le lenyenyane Arinae), mme e amang hoo e ka bang 70 cm e telele. Ke mofuta o tlohang Mexico ho ea Argentina mme o lula merung e maemong a matle a paballo, ke ka hona e sebelisoang e le bioindicator ea bophelo bo botle le boleng ba tikoloho eo e nang le eona, kaha e tloaetse ho nyamela libakeng tse senyehileng. E khetholloa e le "Kotsing" ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea sebaka sa eona sa bolulo. Masiba a eona a botala 'meleng, a nang le lintlha tse khubelu phatleng.
Mefuta ea lipapakhaie tse buang
Lefatšeng la linonyana, ho na le litaelo tse ngata ka mefuta e nang le bokhoni ba ho etsisa lentsoe la motho le ho ithuta, ho tšoara ka hlooho le ho pheta mantsoe le lipoleloana tse hlakileng. Ka har'a sehlopha sena ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lipapakhaie tse nang le bohlale bo hlakileng 'me li khona ho sebelisana le batho, kaha li bile li ka ithuta lipolelo esita le ho li amahanya le moelelo. Re tla sheba tse ling tsa mefuta ea lipapakhaie tseo ba buang ka tsona kamoso.
Congo kapa Grey Parrot (MONGOLI OA TSOANG PELE: Psittacus erithacus)
Mofuta oa lelapa le leholohali la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae, lelapa le lenyenyane la Psittacinae), e tsoaletsoeng Afrika e lulang merung ea pula le masabasabaneng a mongobo. E bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse ka bang 30 ho isa ho tse 40 'me e makatsa haholo bakeng sa masiba a eona a maputsoa a nang le masiba a bofubelu ba mohatla. Ke mofuta o tsotellang tikoloho ea ona haholo, 'me ka bokhabane, ke mofuta oa parrot e buang. o na le bokhoni bo boholo ba ho ithuta mantsoe le ho li tšoara ka hlooho, ho feta moo, o na le bohlale bo tšoanang le ba ngoana e monyane.
Hantle ka lebaka la bohlale ba eona le bokhoni ba eona ba ho ithuta, parrot ea congo ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea lipapakhaie tsa lapeng lefatšeng. Hape, re totobatsa bohlokoa ba ho tlohella liphoofolo tsena li lokolohile hore li tsebe ho fofa le ho ikoetlisa. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, re u khothaletsa ho nahanisisa ka ho ba mong'a linonyana pele o tsoela pele ka ho amohela ngoana ka lebaka la litšoaneleho tsohle tseo re li boletseng kaholimo.
Parrot e ka pele e putsoa kapa parrot ea 'nete (aestiva Amazon)
E rata Amerika Boroa, mofuta ona oa parrot ke oa lelapa le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittacidae, Arinae), le lula libakeng tsa meru le meru, ho kenyeletsoa libaka tsa teropo le libaka tsa masimong ho tloha Bolivia ho ea Argentina. Na mofuta wa bophelo bo bolelele haholo, Ho ba le litlaleho tsa batho ka bomong ho fihlela lilemo tse 90. E na le boholo ba lisenthimithara tse ka bang 35 le masiba a ikhethang phatleng a nang le masiba a maputsoa. E tsebahala haholo ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho hlahisa lentsoe la motho mme e ka ithuta palo e phahameng ea mantsoe le lipolelo tse telele.
Parlet ea Ecletus (Eclectus roratus)
Mofuta o ajoang lihlekehlekeng tsa Solomon, Indonesia, New Guinea le Australia, moo o nang le meru e tlokomang le meru le libaka tse lithaba. E kenyelelitsoe lelapeng le leholo la Psittacoidea (lelapa la Psittaculidae, lelapa le lenyenyane la Psittaculinae). Mehato e pakeng tsa 30 le 40 cm mme e na le tšoauoa haholo ka thobalano, ka ha e tona le e tshehadi e fapana ka hore ya morao e na le mmele o mofubedu o nang le dintlha ka boputswa le molomo o motsho, ha e tona yona e le tala mme molomo wa yona o le mosehla. Ha ba sibolla mofuta ona, o ba lebisitse ho nahana hore ke mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng. Mofuta ona, joalo ka oa pejana, le ona o khona ho hlahisa lentsoe la motho, leha o hloka nako e ngata ho ithuta.
Haeba u batla ho bala lingoliloeng tse ling tse tšoanang le Mefuta ea Lipapakhaie - Litšobotsi, Mabitso le Lifoto, Re khothaletsa hore o kenye karolo ea rona ea Curiosities ea lefatše la liphoofolo.