Litaba
- Ke lintho tse bolang
- Li-decompos ka har'a ketane ea lijo
- Bohlokoa ba li-decompos ka tlhaho
- Mefuta ea lintho tse senyehang
- Libōpuoa tse nyonyehang
- bafepedi
- libopuoa tse kopaneng
- Liphoofolo tse bolang
- Mehlala ea liphoofolo tse bolang
- Mehlala ea Liphoofolo Tse Kotsi
- Mohlala oa liphoofolo tse jang mafura
- Mehlala ea liphoofolo tsa bolokoe
Ho tikoloho efe kapa efe ea tikoloho, joalo ka ha e le teng liketane tsa lijo moo re fumanang likokoana-hloko tse hlahisang meroho (ha ho na bahlahisi ba liphoofolo) le liphoofolo tse jang, ho boetse ho na le ketane ea lijo e nyonyehang, eo sepheo sa eona e leng ho fetola lintho tsohle tse phelang ho tloha ketaneng e 'ngoe ea lijo ho ea ho lintho tse sa sebetseng, ho etsa metsoako ena ho monya hape ke limela. Ka har'a ketane ena re fumana lintho tse bolang kapa tse senyehang, tse ling tsa tsona ke liphoofolo tse bolang, leha bongata ba tsona e le li-fungus kapa libaktheria.
Sengoliloeng sena ke PeritoAnimal re tla bona hore na li-decompos ke eng le bohlokoa ba karolo ea bona tikolohong.
Ke lintho tse bolang
Libopuoa tse senyehang ke likokoana-hloko tsa heterotrophic tse jang dijo tse nang le manyolo nakong ya ho bola kapa litšila tse tsoang liphoofolong tse ling, joalo ka mantle. Likokoana-hloko tsena li boetse li bitsoa litlhapi. Ho senyeha ke ts'ebetso ea tlholeho e hlokahalang tikolohong ea tikoloho bakeng sa nchafatso ea taba le matla. E etsoa ke bongata ba lintho tse phelang, tseo bongata ba tsona e leng libaktheria tse bolang kapa likokoana-hloko tsa chemoorganotrophic hobane li fumana matla ka ho fetoha ha lik'hemik'hale, li sebelisa ntho e bolileng ea manyolo e le substrate.
Sehlopha se seng sa bohlokoa sa lintho tse phelang ke fungus e bolang, tse nyenyane haholo le tse nyenyane haholo. Kamora nako, leha hangata e le qalong ea ketane ea ts'ireletso, re fumana file ea diphoofolo tse senyehang, ka basomi e le sehlopha sa bohlokoa.
Li-decompos ka har'a ketane ea lijo
Tikolohong efe kapa efe, ho na le ketane ea lijo moo ho ka khonehang ho fumana bahlahisi, bareki le li-decomposers. Ketso ena ea morao-rao kamora lefu la lihlahisoa tsa mohlahisi le bareki ba fapaneng.
Lintho tsa tlhaho tse hlahisoang ke bahlahisi le bareki (mantle, biomass le litšila tse ling tse ntšitsoeng ke 'mele) li sebetsa joalo ka lijo tsa li-decomposers joaloka li-fungus le libaktheria, ho ba tsa hau mohloli oa matla le limatlafatsi.
Bohlokoa ba li-decompos ka tlhaho
Karolo ea li-decomposers bakeng sa tikoloho ea tikoloho le tikoloho ea eona ke ea bohlokoa. Ba bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ho ho leka-lekana ha tikoloho, kaha li fetola lintho tse phelang hore e be lintho tse sa sebetseng, ka hona li khutlisetsa limatlafatsi tikolohong. Sena se tla lumella limatlafatsi tsena hore li sebelisoe hape ke libopuoa tse ling tse tla hlahisa ntho e ncha ea manyolo.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, libopuoa tse senyehang li ikarabella ho khutlisetsa lintho tse fumanehang 'meleng ka har'a ketane ea lijo.
Mefuta ea lintho tse senyehang
Hona le mefuta e meraro ea li-decomposers, tse arotsoeng ho latela tšimoloho ea lintho tse phelang ea bola, ekaba ke setopo kapa likarolo tsa eona, semela se shoeleng kapa mantle. Ka hona, mefuta eo re e fumanang ke:
Libōpuoa tse nyonyehang
Ke bona ba iphepang ka maloanlahla kapa ho tsoa likarolong tsa meroho tse bokellanang mobung, joalo ka makhasi, metso, makala kapa litholoana, mme tseo kamora ho bola, li qetellang li theha humus, e leng mobu o ruileng haholo ka lintho tse phelang.
bafepedi
Likokoana-hloko tsena li iphepa ka litopo kapa likarolo tsa 'mele tsa liphoofolo tse bolang. Ka tloaelo, ketso ena e qalisoa ke libaktheria tse nolofalletsang ho kenyelletsa lintho tse phelang ho liphoofolo tse bolang.
libopuoa tse kopaneng
Ke lintho tse phelang, haholo-holo li-fungus le liphoofolo tse bolang, tse jang lintho tse phelang tse ntseng li ka fumanoa ka mantle.
Liphoofolo tse bolang
Tlhaloso ea liphoofolo tse bolang ha se e 'ngoe ntle le:
Lintho tse phelang tsa liphoofolo tse jang lijo tse bolileng tsa tlhaho.
Re fumane liphoofolo tse senyehang lihlopheng tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo le tse nang le lesapo la mokokotlo. Har'a tsa pele, mohlomong sehlopha sa bohlokoahali ke likokoanyana, tsa mefuta e mengata, joalo ka lintsintsi, bobi kapa bo-maleshoane. Ke hokae moo re fumanang mehlala e mengata ea liphoofolo tse nang le lesapo la mokokotlo ka lihlopha tsa liphoofolo tse anyesang le linonyana.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bongata ba liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona fapana le boemo ba leholimo. Mohlala, liphoofolo tse senyehang lehoatateng ha li fumanehe hangata, ke tse fokolang feela tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo. Ke libakeng tse mongobo moo re ka fumanang mefuta-futa e kholohali ea lintho tsena, e leng liphoofolo tse bolang tsa morung tse nang le mefuta-futa e mengata.
Mehlala ea liphoofolo tse bolang
Ka tlase, re hlahisa lenane le mehlala ea liphoofolo tse bolang hlophisoa ka mofuta:
Mehlala ea Liphoofolo Tse Kotsi
- Liboko tsa lefatše (Lelapa Lubricidae), o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho sebopeho sa humus.
- Li-Gastropods (Mollusks, Lemas le Likhofu). Tse ngata tsa liphoofolo tsena li boetse li ja limela tse phelang, e leng se etsang hore tse ling e be tse senyang lijalo.
- ho bolaea mahlo kapa liboko (Omnicides Suborder).
Mohlala oa liphoofolo tse jang mafura
- Diptera kapa lintsintsi (Malapa Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Phoridae kapa Muscidae). Ka saense ea molao liphoofolo tsena le bo-maleshoane lia tsotelloa ho tseba nako ea lefu.
- Coleoptera kapa maleshoane (Malapa Silphidae kapa Dermestidae)
- mafiritshwane (Lelapa Hyaenidae). Litsebi tse ling tsa tikoloho li ne li ke ke tsa kenyelletsa liphoofolo tse bolailoeng e le karolo ea liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, empa 'nete ke hore li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho senyeheng ha litopo.
- manong (Lelapa Accipitridae le Cathartidae)
Mehlala ea liphoofolo tsa bolokoe
- Coleoptera kapa maleshoane (Malapa Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae le Hybosoridae). Sena se kenyelletsa tse tummeng Bo-maleshoane.
- Diptera kapa lintsintsi (Malapa Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae kapa Muscidae). Ntsintsi e tala (Phaenicia sericata) e tsebahala haholo ka mantle a liphoofolo.
- Lenong la Baegepeta (Neophron percnopterus). Ntle le ho ba mofepi, e tlatselletsa lijo tsa eona ka mantle a likhomo ho monya carotenoids (pigment ea meroho) e fang molomo oa eona mmala o makatsang.
Haeba u batla ho bala lingoliloeng tse ling tse tšoanang le Lintho tse senyehang: seo li leng sona, mefuta le mehlala, Re khothaletsa hore o kenye karolo ea rona ea Curiosities ea lefatše la liphoofolo.