Litaba
Liphoofolo tsohle, ho tloha tsoalong, li na le liphetoho tsa morphological, anatomical le biochemical ho fihlela boemong ba batho ba baholo. Ho tse ngata tsa tsona, liphetoho tsena li lekanyelitsoe ho keketseho ea boholo ea 'mele le mekhahlelo e itseng ea li-hormone e laolang kholo. Leha ho le joalo, liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata li feta liphetohong tse kholo hoo motho e moholo a seng a sa shebahale joalo ka ngoana, re bua ka phetoho ea liphoofolo.
Haeba u rata ho tseba phetoho ya mmele ke eng, sehloohong sena sa PeritoAnimal re tla hlalosa mohopolo mme re fane ka mehlala.
phetoho ea likokoanyana
Likokoanyana ke sehlopha sa metamorphic par bokhabane, hape se atileng haholo ho hlalosa file ea phetoho ya diphoofolo. Ke liphoofolo tse nang le mahe a linotši, tse tsoaloang ka mahe. Khōlo ea tsona e hloka sekhahla sa letlalo kapa se sa tieang, kaha se thibela kokoanyana ho hola ka boholo joalo ka liphoofolo tse ling. Likokoanyana ke tsa phylumhexapod, hobane li na le lipara tse tharo tsa maoto.
Ka har'a sehlopha sena ho boetse ho na le liphoofolo tse sa hlokeng phetoho ea lintho, joalo ka diplures, ho nahanoa ametaboles. Haholo-holo ke likokoanyana tse se nang mapheo (tse se nang mapheo) mme kholo ea kamora ho emoloa e tsebahala ka liphetoho tse fokolang, hobane hangata ho bonoa feela:
- Nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea litho tsa botona le botšehali tsa litho tsa botona le botšehali;
- Eketsa ka biomass phoofolo kapa boima ba 'mele;
- Liphetoho tse nyane ka boholo bo lekanyelitsoeng ba likarolo tsa eona. Ka hona, mefuta ea bacha e ts'oana haholo le ea motho e moholo, e ka fetohang makhetlo a 'maloa.
Likokoanyana tsa pterygote (tse nang le mapheo) ho na le tse 'maloa mefuta ea metamorphoses, 'me ho ipapisitse le liphetoho tse etsahalang haeba phello ea phetoho e fa motho monyetla o batlang o fapane hanyane le oa pele:
- phetoho ea hemimetabola: ho tsoa leheng ho tsoaloa a nymph e nang le metako ea mapheo. Nts'etsopele e ts'oana le ea motho e moholo, leha ka linako tse ling ho se joalo (mohlala, maemong a linohaana). ke likokoanyana ntle le boemo ba ngoana, ke hore, nymph e tsoaloa ho tsoa lehe, eo, ka ho latellana ha molting, e fetang ka kotloloho ho ba motho e moholo. Mehlala e meng ke Ephemeroptera, lirurubele, litšitšili, marutle, bohloa, jj.
- phetoho ea holometabola: ho tloha leheng, ho tsoaloa seboko se fapaneng haholo le phoofolo e holileng. Larva, ha e fihla ntlheng e itseng, e ba pupa kapa chrysalis eo, ha e qhotsoa, e tla qala motho e moholo. Ena ke phetoho ea maikutlo eo likokoanyana tse ngata li fetang ho eona, joalo ka lirurubele, maphele, bohloa, linotsi, bobi, crickets, bo-maleshoane jj.
- phetoho ea hypermetabolic: likokoanyana tse nang le phetoho ea hypermetabolic li na le nts'etsopele e telele haholo ea seboko. Larvae li fapane ho fapana ha li fetoha, hobane li lula libakeng tse fapaneng. Nymphs ha e hlahise mapheo ho fihlela e se e le batho ba baholo. E hlaha coleoptera e ngoe, joalo ka tenebria, mme ke bothata bo ikhethileng ba nts'etsopele ea larval.
Lebaka la likokoana-hloko la phetoho ea likokoanyana, ntle le taba ea hore li tlameha ho fetola letlalo, ke ho arola bana ba bacha ho batsoali ba bona ho qoba tlholisano bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse tšoanang. Ka tloaelo, liboko li lula libakeng tse fapaneng ho fapana le batho ba baholo, joalo ka tikoloho ea metsing, hape li fepa ka tsela e fapaneng. Ha e le liboko, ke liphoofolo tse jang tse ling, 'me ha li se li le baholo, ke liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo, kapa tsona li ja liphoofolo tse ling.
Phetoho ea Amphibian
Li-Amphibian le tsona lia fetoloa, maemong a mang li potile ho feta tse ling. Morero o ka sehloohong oa phetoho ea amphibian ke felisa li-gill 'me u etse sebaka bakeng samatšoafo, ntle le mekhelo e meng, joalo ka Mexico axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), eo boemong ba batho ba baholo e ntseng e tsoela pele ho ba le li-gill, ntho e nkoang e le phetoho ea neoteny (paballo ea libopeho tsa bacha boemong ba batho ba baholo).
Li-Amphibian le tsona ke liphoofolo tse nang le mahe a linotši. Ho tsoa leheng ho hlaha seboko se senyenyane se ka ts'oanang haholo le motho e moholo, joalo ka maemong a salamanders le li-newt, kapa ka mokhoa o fapaneng haholo, joalo ka lihohoaneng kapa lithole. THE phetoho ea senqanqane ke mohlala o tloaelehileng haholo oa ho hlalosa phetoho ea amphibian.
Salamanders, nakong ea tsoalo, o se a ntse a e-na le maoto le mohatla, joalo ka batsoali ba bona, empa le bona ba na le likhechana. Kamora phetoho ea phetoho, e ka nkang likhoeli tse 'maloa ho latela mofuta, li-gill lia nyamela le matšoafo ntshetsa pele.
Ho liphoofolo tsa anuran (li-amphibian tse se nang mohatla) joalo ka dinqanqane le dihoho, phetoho ea lintho e rarahane haholo. Ha mahe a qhotsoa, nyanediboko ka maqeba le mohatla, ha ho maoto le molomo feela o holileng. Kamora nakoana, lera la letlalo le qala ho hola malibohong le meno a manyane a hlaha molomong.
Kamora moo, maoto a kamorao a hlaha ebe a ea ho litho ka pele, ho hlaha makhotho a mabeli a tla qetella a hlahile e le litho. Boemong bona, tadpole e ntse e tla ba le mohatla, empa e tla khona ho hema moea. Mohatla o tla fokotseha butle ho fihlela o nyamela ka botlalo, e hlahisang senqanqane se seholo.
Mefuta ea phetoho ea tlhaho: liphoofolo tse ling
Ha se feela li-amphibian le likokoanyana tse fetang ts'ebetsong e rarahaneng ea phetoho. Liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata tsa lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa lekhetho le tsona li na le phetoho, mohlala:
- Li-cnidarians kapa jellyfish;
- Batho ba Crustaceans, joalo ka makhala, makhala kapa shrimps;
- Urochord, Haholo-holo li-squirts tsa leoatle, kamora phetoho ea mmele le ho thehoa joalo ka motho e moholo, li fetoha liphoofolo tse sessile kapa tse sa tsamaeeng le ba felloa ke boko;
- Li-Echinoderms, joalo ka starfish, li-urchins tsa leoatle kapa likomkomere tsa leoatle.
Haeba u batla ho bala lingoliloeng tse ling tse tšoanang le Metamorphosis ke eng: Tlhaloso le Mehlala, Re khothaletsa hore o kenye karolo ea rona ea Curiosities ea lefatše la liphoofolo.