Litaba
- Litšobotsi tsa bo-'mankhane
- Bo-'mankhane ba rata ho lula kae?
- Bo-'mankhane ba bona joang?
- Na bo-'mankhane ba foufetse?
- Bo-'mankhane ba jang mali
Ho na le tumelo e atileng ea hore bo-'mankhane ha ba bone, ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona bo hohelang ba ho tsamaisa, ka echolocation, e ba lumellang ho shebahala hantle le bosiu. Leha ho le joalo, na ke 'nete hore bo-'mankhane ba foufetse? Maikutlo a ho bona liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang a nang le mapheo a fapane le a batho, 'me li na le bokhoni bo bong bo li lumellang ho phela hantle haholo.
U batla ho tseba hore na bo-'mankhane ba bona joang? Sengoliloeng sena ke PeritoAnimal re tla bua ka botebo ka pono ea bona le bokhoni bo makatsang ba liphoofolo tsena. Ho bala hantle!
Litšobotsi tsa bo-'mankhane
Ho na le tse fetang mefuta e sekete ea bo-'mankhane lefatšeng, kaofela li na le likarolo tse ikhethang. Leha ho le joalo, mefuta ena e arolelana litšobotsi tse itseng, joalo ka boholo ba eona, bo ka fapana. pakeng tsa lisenthimithara tse 30 le 35 bolelele, le boima ba eona, boo ka kakaretso bo sa feteng ligrama tse 100. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mekhelo e meng, joalo ka 'Mankhane oa khauta ea Philippines (Acerodon jubatus), E ka fihlelang bolelele ba limithara tse 1.5, le phokojoe e fofang (Pteropus giganteus), e lulang Asia le Oceania mme e ka fihla ho limithara tse ka bang 2 ka bophara ba mapheo.
'Mele ea bo-'mankhane e koahetsoe ke boea bo bokhutšoane bo e thusang ho mamella mocheso o tlase. Ho feta moo, menoana e ka pele ea liphoofolo tsena e hoketsoe ho lera le lesesane haholo e ba lumellang ho fofa habonolo.
Ho fepa ho fapana ka mefuta le mefuta. Mefuta e meng ea bo-'mankhane e ja litholoana feela, ha e meng e rata likokoanyana, li-amphibia tse nyane, liphoofolo tse anyesang, linonyana, 'me tse ling li fepa mali.
Bo-'mankhane ba rata ho lula kae?
Uena bo-'mankhane ba lula kae kapa kae, ntle le libakeng tseo mocheso o leng tlase haholo. E tloaelehileng haholo ke ho li fumana libakeng tse chesang tse mongobo, moo li lulang teng lifate le mahaha, leha ba tšabela ho mapetso a marako le likutu tse sekoti.
Haeba u ba tšaba, sengoloeng sena u tla fumana hore na u ka tšosa bo-'mankhane joang.
Bo-'mankhane ba bona joang?
Bats ba na le e 'ngoe ea sistimi ea puisano e khahlang ka ho fetesisa. Ba na le bokhoni bo bitsoang echolocation, e ba lumellang ho bona ka mahlo a kelello lintho tse fapaneng ka lebaka la melumo e tlase ea maqhubu. Mechini ea echolocation e rarahane. Se hlokomeloang ke hore bo-'mankhane ba khona ho khetholla lipakeng tsa lets'oao la tlhahiso le tlhahiso. Ka lebaka leo, ba romela le ho amohela tlhahisoleseling ka nako e ts'oanang, joalo ka ha motho a utloa lentsoe la hae ka molumo.
Bo-'mankhane ba bona joang? Ho isa tekanyong e kholo, ka sistimi ena ea boithuto, e ka khonehang feela ka lebaka la liphetoho tse 'maloa tsa anatomiki tse litsebeng le molaleng, moo re eketsang se sa tloaelehang Tloaelo ea sebaka seo se na le. Phoofolo e ntša ultrasound e simolohang ka lebokoseng 'me e lelekoa ka nko kapa sefene. Litsebe li ntan'o nka maqhubu a molumo a fokang linthong tse e potileng, ka hona, mankhane o ea itsamaisa.
Hona le mefuta e 'maloa ea boithuto, empa bo-'mankhane ba sebelisa echolocation ea potoloho e phahameng: E lumella ho fumana leseli mabapi le motsamao le sebaka sa phofu. Ba ntša molumo ona khafetsa ha ba ntse ba mametse makhetlo ao ba utloang molumo oo ba o utloang.
Ho sa natsoe bokhoni bona bo boholo, ho na le likokoanyana tse hlahisitseng maemo a etsang hore ho be thata ho libatana tsa tsona ho li fumana, hobane li bile li khona ho hlakola ultrasound mme li sa hlahise li-echo. Ba bang ba khona hlahisa mahlaseli a hau ho ferekanya dinyantshi tsena tse fofang.
Na bo-'mankhane ba foufetse?
Leha ho na le lipale le lipale tse iqapetsoeng ka bo-'mankhane le bofofu ba bona, hlokomela hore che, liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang ha ba foufetse. Ho fapana le moo, li khona ho bona le ho feta liphoofolo tse ling tse anyesang, leha li sa fete matla a batho a ho bona.
Leha ho le joalo, ke tsona feela liphoofolo tse anyesang khona ho bona khanya ea letsatsi le ho e sebelisa molemong oa motho. Ntle le moo, pono ea liphoofolo tsena e li lumella ho fofa libaka tse telele le ho itsamaisa, kaha ho ke ke ha khoneha ho sebelisa echolocation molemong ona, hoo ba e sebelisang feela ho tsamaea libaka tse khutšoane lefifing.
Nakong e fetileng, ho ne ho lumeloa hore mahlo a bo-'mankhane a na le melamu feela, e leng lisele tsa photoreceptor tse ba lumellang ho bona lefifing. Hoa tsebahala hore, leha a na le mahlo a manyane, li boetse li na le likhou, tse bontšang hore li na le bokhoni ba ho bona motšehare. Leha ho le joalo, sena ha se sitise mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo bosiu, kaha bo-'mankhane ba ela hloko liphetoho maemong a khanya.
Na o kile oa utloa polelo "foufetse joalo ka 'mankhane"? Ee, joale ua tseba hore o fositse, hobane bo-'mankhane ha ba foufetse ebile e its'etleha mahlong a hau joalo ka ha e etsoa ho itlwaetsa le ho utloisisa se etsahalang haufi le bona.
Bo-'mankhane ba jang mali
Bo-'mankhane ba nalane ea nalane ea litšabo le lipelaelo. Batho ba bangata ba lumela hore mefuta eohle ea liphoofolo tse anyesang e iphepa ka mali, e leng taba e seng nnete. Naheng ea Brazil, mefuteng e 178 e tsebahalang, ke tse tharo feela tse jang mali..
Mefuta ena e hlokang mali hore e phele e tsejoa e le bo-'mankhane ba vampire: bat e tloaelehileng ea vampire (Desmodus rotundus), bat ba vampire e nang le mapheo a masoeu (tau ea matsekha'mankhane oa vampire ea maoto a boea (Diphylla ecaudata).
Hangata liphofu tsa bo-'mankhane ke likhomo, likolobe, lipere le linonyana. Motho ha a nkuoe e le phofu ea tlhaho ea bo-'mankhane ba vampire, empa ho na le litlaleho tsa litlhaselo haholo-holo libakeng tsa mahaeng. Tšoenyeho e 'ngoe e tloahelehileng ka bo-'mankhane ke hore li fetisetsa li-rabies - empa hoa hlokomeleha hore phoofolo efe kapa efe e nang le tšoaetso e ka fetisa lefu lena, eseng feela bo-'mankhane.
Bo-'mankhane le bona ba bapala karolo ea bohlokoa paballo le botsitso ba tikoloho le tikoloho kaha li fepa litholoana le likokoanyana. Sena se ba etsa ba bohlokoa. lilekane tsa ho loantseng tse senyang lijalo tsa litoropong le tsa temo. Kaha ba bangata ba boetse ba ja lero le peo e phofshoana, ba thusa ho tsamaisa peō ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lipalesa, e leng mosebetsi o tšoanang haholo le oa linotši le linonyana.
Mme ho tsoa mathe a liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang, lithuto tse ncha le lithethefatsi li hlahile hobane e ruile ka lintho tse thibelang mali ho itšireletsa. Bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore bo-'mankhane le bona ba ka thusa ho nts'etsopele ha litlhare ho phekola thrombosis le mathata a mang a bophelo bo botle ho batho ba nang le stroke.[1].
Haeba u batla ho tseba ho eketsehileng ka liphoofolo tsena tse anyesang, bala sengoloa sena se seng ho tsoa ho mefuta ea liphoofolo tsa bo-'mankhane tsa Perito le litšobotsi tsa tsona.
Mme kaha re ntse re bua ka phepo ea bona, o ka sheba video ena seteisheneng sa PeritoAnimal mefuta e fapaneng ea phepo ea mankhane.