Litaba
- hobaneng ha diphoofolo di fetola mmala
- ka moo diphoofolo di fetolang mmala ka teng
- Ke liphoofolo life tse fetolang 'mala?
- 1. Kameleon ea Jackson
- 2. Sekho se Crab Yellow
- 3. Boimana ba octopus
- 4. Li-cuttlefish
- 5. Sone e tloaelehileng
- 6. Choco-flamboyant
- 7. Ho qhekella
- 8. Kokolofitoe kgudu
- 9. Anolis
- 10. Phokojoe ea Arctic
- Liphoofolo tse ling tse fetolang 'mala
Ka tlhaho, liphoofolo le limela li sebelisa tse fapaneng mekhoa ea ho pholoha. Har'a tsona, e 'ngoe ea litšobotsi tse ikhethang ka ho fetisisa ke bokhoni ba ho fetola' mala. Maemong a mangata, bokhoni bona bo arabela tlhokong ea ho ipata tikolohong, empa hape e etsa mesebetsi e meng.
Mohlomong phoofolo e tsebahalang haholo e fetolang mebala ke kamele, leha ho le joalo ho na le tse ling tse ngata. Na u tseba leha e le efe ea tsona? Fumana ho sengoliloeng sena sa liphoofolo sa Perito lenane le nang le tse 'maloa 'mala o fetolang liphoofolo. Ho bala hantle!
hobaneng ha diphoofolo di fetola mmala
Hona le mefuta e mengata e ka fetolang chebahalo ea eona. E le 'ngoe phoofolo e fetolang mmala u ka etsa sena e le hore u ipate ka hona ona ke mokhoa oa ho itšireletsa. Leha ho le joalo, lena hase lona feela lebaka. Phetoho ea 'mala ha e etsahale feela ka mefuta e kang li-chameleon, tse khonang ho fetola molumo oa letlalo. Mefuta e meng e fetola kapa e fetola 'mala oa liaparo tsa eona ka mabaka a fapaneng. Tsena ke lisosa tsa mantlha tse hlalosang hore na hobaneng liphoofolo li fetola mmala:
- Ho pholoha: ho baleha liphoofolo tse jang liphoofolo le ho ipata tikolohong ke lona lebaka le ka sehloohong la phetoho. Ka lebaka la sena, phoofolo e fetolang 'mala ha e hlokomelehe ho baleha kapa ho ipata. Ketsahalo ena e bitsoa ts'ireletso e fapaneng.
- Thermoregulation: mefuta e meng e fetola 'mala oa eona ho latela mocheso. Ka lebaka la sena, li monya mocheso o mongata nakong ea mariha kapa pholileng hlabula.
- Ho tlolelana: Ho fetoloa 'mala oa' mele ke tsela ea ho hohela batho ba bong bo fapaneng nakong ea ho tlolelana ha liphoofolo. Mebala e khanyang, e hohelang mahlo e atlehile ho hohela tlhokomelo ea molekane ea ka bang teng.
- Puisano: Linaleli li khona ho fetola 'mala ho latela maikutlo a tsona. Ka lebaka la sena, e sebetsa e le mokhoa oa puisano lipakeng tsa bona.
Joale ua tseba hore na hobaneng liphoofolo li fetola mmala. Empa ba ho etsa joang? Re u hlalosetsa ka tlase.
ka moo diphoofolo di fetolang mmala ka teng
Mekhoa eo liphoofolo li e sebelisang ho fetola 'mala e fapane hobane ea meaho ea 'mele e fapane. E bolelang? Sehahabi ha se fetohe ka tsela e ts'oanang le ea kokoanyana kapa se fapaneng.
Mohlala, chameleons le cephalopods li na le lisele tse bitsoang chromatophores, e nang le mefuta e fapaneng ea mebala. Li fumaneha likarolong tse tharo tsa kantle tsa letlalo, 'me lera ka leng le na le mebala e lumellanang le mebala e fapaneng. Ho ipapisitse le seo ba se hlokang, li-chromatophores li sebelisoa ho fetola 'mala oa letlalo.
Mokhoa o mong o amehang ts'ebetsong ke pono, e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho manolla maemo a khanya. Ho latela boholo ba khanya tikolohong, phoofolo e hloka hore letlalo la eona le bone mebala e fapaneng. Ts'ebetso ena e bonolo: leihlo la leihlo le hlakisa boholo ba leseli mme le fetisetsa tlhahisoleseling ho tšoelesa ea pituitary, hormone e patiloeng likarolong tsa mali tse lemosang letlalo ka 'mala o hlokoang ke mofuta oo.
Liphoofolo tse ling ha li fetole 'mala oa letlalo, empa li fetola baki kapa masiba. Mohlala, linonyaneng, phetoho ea 'mala (boholo ba tsona li na le masiba a sootho qalong ea bophelo) e arabela tlhokong ea ho khetholla tse tšehali ho tse tona. Bakeng sa sena, makhasi a sootho a oa mme 'mala oa mofuta oa mofuta ona oa hlaha. Ho etsahala se tšoanang ka liphoofolo tse anyesang tse fetolang 'mala oa letlalo la tsona, leha lebaka le leholo e le ho ipata nakong ea phetoho ea selemo; mohlala, display boea bo bosoeu nakong ea mariha libakeng tse nang le lehloa.
Ke liphoofolo life tse fetolang 'mala?
U se u ntse u tseba hore chameleon ke mofuta oa phoofolo e fetolang mmala. Empa ha se mefuta eohle ea lempetje e etsang joalo. Ntle ho eena, ho na le liphoofolo tse ling tse nang le bokhoni bona. Re tla qaqisa liphoofolo tsena ka botlalo ka tlase:
- Kameleon ea Jackson
- sekho sa lehlaka se mosehla
- etsisa octopus
- cuttlefish
- tloaelehileng sole
- seqhomane sa cuttlefish
- flounder
- Khudubudu kgudu
- Anole
- phokojoe ea arctic
1. Kameleon ea Jackson
Kameleon ea Jackson (jacksonii trioceros) ke e 'ngoe ea li-chameleon tse khonang ho etsa liphetoho tse ngata ka ho fetesisa mmala, li nka mefuta e fapaneng e pakeng tsa 10 le 15. mofuta ke letsoalloa la Kenya le Tanzania, moo a lulang libakeng tse lipakeng tsa limithara tse 1,500 le 3,200 kaholimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle.
Mmala oa mantlha oa li-chameleon tsena o motala, ebang ke 'mala oo feela kapa o na le libaka tse tšehla le tse putsoa. E ntse e bitsoa ka lebitso le leng ka lebaka la bohelehele bo ikhethang ba phoofolo ena e fetolang mebala: e boetse e tsejoa e le chameleon e linaka li tharo.
2. Sekho se Crab Yellow
Ke arachnid e hara liphoofolo tse fetolang mmala ho ipata. Sekho sekhaba se mosehla (misumena vatiaMehato e lipakeng tsa 4 le 10 mm mme e lula ho Amerika e Leboea.
Mofuta ona o na le mmele o sephara le maoto a sephara, a arotsweng hantle, ke ka hona e bitswang crab. 'Mala o fapana pakeng tsa sootho, bosoeu le botala bo bobebe; leha ho le joalo, o etsa hore 'mele oa hae o lumellane le lipalesa tseo a li tsomang, kahoo o apara' mele oa hae ka masela a bosehla bo khanyang le bosoeu bo bosootho.
Haeba phoofolo ena e u hapile leihlo, o kanna oa khahloa ke sengoloa sena se seng ka mefuta ea likho tse bohloko.
3. Boimana ba octopus
Bokhoni ba ho ipata ho octopus ea mimic (Thaumoctopus mimicus[1]) e makatsa haholo. Ke mofuta o lulang metsing a potileng Australia le linaha tsa Asia, moo e ka fumanoang teng botebo bo boholo ba limithara tse 37.
Bakeng sa ho ipatela liphoofolo tse jang tse ling, octopus ena e khona ho amohela mebala ea hoo e ka bang mefuta e mashome a mabeli a fapaneng ea leoatleng. Mefuta ena e fapane haholo 'me e kenyelletsa jellyfish, linoha, litlhapi esita le makhala. Ho phaella moo, 'mele oa eona o tenyetsehang o khona ho etsisa sebōpeho sa liphoofolo tse ling, tse kang mahlaseli a manta.
4. Li-cuttlefish
tlhapi ea cuttlefish (Sepia officinalismollusc e lulang ka leboea-bochabela ho Leoatle la Atlantic le Leoatle la Mediterranean, moo e fumanoang bonyane botebo ba limithara tse 200. Phoofolo ena e fetolang mmala e lekana le limilimithara tse 490 le boima ba ho fihlela ho 2 liponto.
Cuttlefish e lula libakeng tse lehlabathe le seretse, moo li ipatang liphoofolong motšehare. Joalo ka chameleons, ea hau letlalo le na le li-chromatophores, e ba lumellang hore ba fetole 'mala hore ba sebelise mekhoa e sa tšoaneng. Lehlabatheng le li-substrates tsa unicolor, e boloka molumo o ts'oanang, empa e na le matheba, matheba, metopa le mebala libakeng tse sa tšoaneng.
5. Sone e tloaelehileng
Sone e tloaelehileng (solea soleake tlhapi e 'ngoe e khonang ho fetola' mala oa 'mele oa eona. O aha metsing a Atlantic le Mediterranean, moo e fumanehang botebo bo boholo ba limithara tse 200.
E na le mmele o sephara o e dumellang hore e phunyeletse ka hara lehlabathe ho ipatela diphoofolo tse jang diphoofolo. hape fetola mmala oa letlalo hanyane, ho itšireletsa le ho tsoma liboko, li-molluscs le li-crustaceans tse etsang lijo tsa bona.
6. Choco-flamboyant
Choo-flamboyant e tsotehang (Metasepia pfefferi) e abuoa maoatleng a Pacific le a India. E lula libakeng tse lehlabathe le se nang metsi, moo 'mele oa eona o patehileng hantle. Leha ho le joalo, mofuta ona o chefo; ka lebaka lena, e fetola 'mele oa eona ho ba molumo o mofubelu o khanyang ha u ikutloa u sokeloa. Ka phetoho ena, e supa sebatana sa eona ka chefo ea eona.
Ntle le moo, o khona ho ipata ka tikoloho. Bakeng sa sena, 'mele oa cuttlefish ena o na le likarolo tsa chromatic tse 75 tse amohelang Mefuta e 11 ea mebala e fapaneng.
7. Ho qhekella
Phoofolo e 'ngoe ea leoatleng e fetolang' mala hore e pate ke ntho e fokolang (Platichthys flesus[2]). Ke tlhapi e lulang botebong ba limithara tse 100 ho tloha ho Mediterranean ho ea Leoatleng le Letšo.
Tlhapi ena e bataletse e sebelisa ho ipata ka mekhoa e fapaneng: e ka sehloohong e ipatile ka tlas'a lehlabathe, mosebetsi o bonolo ka lebaka la sebopeho sa 'mele oa eona. o khona hape ho ikamahanya le 'mala oa hau ho ea leoatleng, leha phetoho ea 'mala e sa khahlise joalo ka mefuta e meng.
8. Kokolofitoe kgudu
Phoofolo e nngwe e fetolang mmala ke kgudu-kobo (Charidotella egregia). Ke scarab eo mapheo a eona a bonahatsang 'mala o khahlang oa khauta oa tšepe. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a sithabetsang, 'mele oa hau o na le maro bakeng sa mapheo mme tsena li fumana 'mala o mofubelu o matla.
Mofuta ona o fepa ka makhasi, lipalesa le metso. Ntle le moo, maleshoane ke e 'ngoe ea bo-maleshoane ba khahlang ka ho fetisisa.
Se ke oa fetoa ke sengoloa sena se seng se nang le likokoanyana tse makatsang lefatšeng.
9. Anolis
anole[3] ke letsoalloa le sehahabi United States, empa joale le ka fumanoa Mexico le lihlekehlekeng tse 'maloa Amerika Bohareng. E lula merung, makhulong le masabasabeng, moo rata ho phela difateng le mafikeng.
'Mala oa pele oa sehahabi sena o botala bo khanyang; leha ho le joalo, letlalo la tsona le ba le sootho ha le ikutloa le sokeloa. Joaloka li-chameleon, 'mele oa eona o na le li-chromatophores, e leng se etsang hore e be phoofolo e' ngoe e fetolang mebala.
10. Phokojoe ea Arctic
Ho boetse ho na le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse khonang ho fetola 'mala. Tabeng ena, liphetoho ha se letlalo, empa boea. Phokojoe ea Arctic (vulpes lagopus) ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta ena. O lula libakeng tse arctic tsa Amerika, Asia le Europe.
Boea ba mofuta ona bo sootho kapa bo boputsoa nakong ea mofuthu. Leha ho le joalo, eena fetola seaparo sa lona ha mariha a atamela, ho amohela 'mala o mosoeu o khanyang. Molumo ona o mo lumella ho ipata lehloeng, e leng bokhoni boo a bo hlokang ho ipata hore a se ke a hlaseloa le ho tsoma phofu ea hae.
U kanna oa khahloa ke sengoloa sena se seng ka mefuta ea liphokojoe - mabitso le linepe.
Liphoofolo tse ling tse fetolang 'mala
Ntle le tse boletsoeng kaholimo, ho na le liphoofolo tse ngata tse fetolang mmala tse li etsang ka lebaka la ho ipata kapa ka mabaka a mang. Tsena ke tse ling tsa tsona:
- Sekho se Crab (Li-formumipes misumenoids)
- Octopus e Kholo e putsoa (Octopus ea Cyanea)
- Kameleon ea Smith e Khotsi (Mohlomphehi)
- Seahorse ea mofuta ona Hippocampus erectus
- Chameleon ea Fischer (Mokhahlelo fischeri)
- Seahorse ea mofuta ona hippocampus reidi
- Kameleon ea Ituri (Kopano ea Bradypodion adolfifriderici)
- Litlhapi Gobius pagoldus
- Squid ea lebopongDoryteuthis opalescens)
- Octopus ea mohohlo (Boreopacific bulkedone)
- Giant Australian Cuttlefish (sepia map)
- Squid e lemaletseng (Onychoteuthis banksii)
- Drakone e liteluPogona vitticeps)
Haeba u batla ho bala lingoliloeng tse ling tse tšoanang le Liphoofolo tse fetolang 'mala, Re khothaletsa hore o kenye karolo ea rona ea Curiosities ea lefatše la liphoofolo.